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Level: B1

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827)

The composer who lost his hearing — and wrote his greatest music anyway.

CEFR B1 · 309 words · ~2 min read · US English

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Words to know

piano
a big musical instrument with black and white keys
lovers
people who enjoy something very much
deaf
not able to hear anything
musician
a person whose job is playing or writing songs
symphonies
long pieces of music written for a full orchestra
orchestra
a large group of people who play instruments together
joyful
showing or bringing great happiness
performance
an event where musicians play for people who watch and listen

Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770. His father, a singer, saw the boy's talent early and made him practice the piano for hours, sometimes late into the night. It was a hard childhood. But by the age of fourteen, Ludwig was already earning a salary as a court organist, and before he was twenty he had become the head of his family.

At twenty-one, Beethoven moved to Vienna, the music capital of Europe. He quickly became the most exciting piano player in the city. People said that nobody could match the fire and feeling in his playing. Rich music lovers gave him money and support, and his name grew famous across Europe.

Then his world began to fall apart. Before he was thirty, Beethoven noticed a ringing in his ears. Slowly, year after year, he was going deaf. For a musician, no news could be worse. In one sad letter he told his brothers that he had thought about ending his life, but that his music kept him alive. 'I will take fate by the throat,' he wrote to a friend.

Beethoven kept writing, and his music grew deeper and more powerful. He wrote nine great symphonies — long works for a full orchestra. The Fifth opens with four notes the whole world knows: da-da-da-DUM. He wrote his Ninth, with its joyful song 'Ode to Joy,' when he could hear almost nothing at all. At its first performance, he stood beside the orchestra but could not hear the cheering behind him. A singer gently turned him around so he could see the crowd waving their hats and crying with joy.

Beethoven died in Vienna in 1827. About twenty thousand people filled the streets for his funeral. His life carries a simple, strong message: even when everything seems lost, a person can still create something beautiful.

Check your understanding

  1. What happened to Beethoven before he was thirty?

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    He noticed a ringing in his ears — Before he was thirty, Beethoven noticed a ringing in his ears; slowly he was going deaf.

  2. At the first performance of the Ninth Symphony, why did a singer turn Beethoven around?

    Show answer

    He could not hear the cheering, and the singer wanted him to see the crowd — He could not hear the cheering behind him; a singer turned him around so he could see the crowd.

  3. The text says Beethoven wrote nine great symphonies. What is a symphony?

    Show answer

    A long work for a full orchestra — The text describes his nine symphonies as long works for a full orchestra.

  4. About twenty thousand people filled the streets for Beethoven's funeral

    Show answer

    True — About twenty thousand people filled the streets for his funeral in Vienna.

  5. Beethoven was born in Vienna

    Show answer

    False — He was born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, and moved to Vienna at twenty-one.

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